Southern Europe – Will the outperformance last?

The countries in the south of the euro area have grown significantly faster than the other member countries in recent years.

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Dr. Ralph Solveen

Commerzbank Economic Research

12/06/2024

However, this does not mean that they will continue to do so going forward. In Spain and Italy in particular, there have been hardly any structural improvements in recent years that could pave the way for sustained stronger growth. Rather, a considerable part of the stronger growth has only compensated for the generally much deeper slump during the coronavirus pandemic. In addition, there were above-average contributions from the European reconstruction fund and a massive subsidy for the construction sector in Italy, the effect of which is likely to fade by 2026 at the latest. This should also put an end to the outperformance of these countries.

Periphery as the new growth star?

With the German economy stagnating for more than five years, many are pinning their hopes for the eurozone on the countries in the south of the monetary union. After all, the economy in these four countries (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) has recently grown much more strongly than in the rest of the eurozone. In the first half of this year, real gross domestic product there was between 15% and 20% higher than in the pandemic year 2020, while the economy in the rest of the eurozone only grew by just over 8%. This trend has continued until recently. For example, the Spanish economy is expected to grow by more than 2½% this year, while economic output is expected to increase by less than 1% in the eurozone as a whole and even shrink slightly in Germany.

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